Which document outlines the rights of citizens?

The Bill of Rights is the correct answer because it specifically enumerates the fundamental rights and liberties guaranteed to individuals. Comprising the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, it was ratified in 1791 to ensure protections such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to a fair trial. This document serves to limit the powers of the government and protects citizens from potential government overreach.

While the Constitution establishes the framework of the government and outlines the structure of political institutions, it is the Bill of Rights that focuses directly on the rights and freedoms of individuals. The Preamble, while important for setting the tone and purpose of the Constitution, does not enumerate specific rights. The Federalist Papers, on the other hand, are essays that promote the ratification of the Constitution and discuss its principles, but they do not list citizen rights like the Bill of Rights does. Therefore, the Bill of Rights is the essential document that clearly defines the rights of citizens.