Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees freedom of speech?

The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is fundamental because it explicitly guarantees the right to freedom of speech, among other freedoms such as religion, press, assembly, and petition. This amendment was ratified in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights and serves as a cornerstone for democratic values in the United States.

Freedom of speech enables individuals to express themselves without fear of government censorship or punishment. This principle is essential for a functioning democracy, allowing citizens to discuss and critique government actions, challenge societal norms, and promote diverse viewpoints. The First Amendment has been the basis for numerous landmark Supreme Court cases that have defined the boundaries and implications of free speech, making it a crucial element of American civil liberties.

In contrast, the other amendments do not specifically address the right to free speech. The Second Amendment pertains to the right to bear arms, the Fifth Amendment relates to due process and protection against self-incrimination, and the Tenth Amendment focuses on the powers reserved to the states and the people.